No 3 (2021)

The article shows that at the present time in physics the conditions are ripe for a decisive revision of the prevailing ideas about physical reality. To solve this problem, metaphysical principles must be considered. Their manifestations in modern physics are shown in the presence of three paradigms. It has been demonstrated that this is most fully implemented within the framework of the relational paradigm, which has long been in the shadows. The results already obtained within its framework are shown and it is noted that the development of this direction most closely corresponds to materialist philosophy.

Some ontological aspects of the theory of loop quantum gravity are considered. First of all, its possible nature of one of the fundamental objects of theory - the quantum loop - is discussed. In particular, the possible material, geometric and instrumentalist interpretations of this object are briefly considered.

Metaphysical numerical methods of self-organization of natural systems of Nature, their interdisciplinary connections and models are investigated. They are confirmed by a number of examples and facts, predict informational beginnings and the sequence of formation of material systems of Nature. The facts relate to the chemical elements of the Universe, plants and living systems in health and disease. Their structural periods of self-organization coincide or have common roots. Systems have a “end-to-end” similarity of everything with everything on the basis of the principle of self-similarity and unlimited two-way connection of structural parameters. It is shown that the Abelian Group, the basis of self-organization of systems, allows you to systematize models based on the unity of their origins. The concept of natural self-organization of systems predicts the chemical elements of the Universe and the existence (or appearance) of other civilizations in the world under similar external conditions.

The article examines the evolution of the concept of “metaphysics” in the history of culture. Metaphysics as the “first philosophy” of Aristotle has gone through a historically variable path as a consequence of the pluralistic nature of the very nature of philosophical knowledge. Solidarizing in the main thing - metaphysics is an understanding of the fundamental, fundamental principles of being - each independently thinking philosopher takes as a basis as principles different understandings of substances and its attributes. Questions of the relationship between the concepts of “metaphysics” and “ontology” in various historical and philosophical discourses are discussed. Based on this, metaphysical concepts in specific philosophical teachings and doctrines are quite variable in the history of culture, up to the positivist desire to expel metaphysics from science. The modern understanding of metaphysics in collaboration with the philosophy of science makes it possible to reveal the dialectical connection between metaphysics and science and, in particular, metaphysics and fundamental physics.

The inseparable connection and creative interaction between science and philosophy in the course of their historical development is substantiated. Seven binary-additional metaphysical programs of Antiquity, which defined the main areas of scientific and educational activity in the future, stand out.