No 1 (2023)

Opponents of Russian culture have spent a lot of effort to prove that our culture has not reached the level of development at which European and Western culture in general is. It did not reach it, if only because it did not develop its own national philosophy. The article shows why such a false idea has developed in the minds of Western ideologists. The fact is that they are looking for Russian philosophy only in a purely religious area, in the so-called “Berdyaevshchina”, far from the scientific achievements of Russian civilization. And in scientific achievements, as the author shows on a number of examples given in this article, national philosophy is contained. They do not notice it because it is presented in a logical form, mediated by a special dialectical logic, which was later rediscovered in the fundamental ontology of the German thinker Martin Heidegger. Since this logic permeates both the sphere of scientific and philosophical thinking, Russian philosophy, the Russian national worldview, originates in it. This can be seen in the example of the logical structure of Lobachevsky’s non-Euclidean geometry, it is the origin of Russian philosophy, Russian national worldview. It is no coincidence that D.I. Mendeleev saw in Lobachevsky’s geometry something more than a particular mathematical discipline of thought, and said: “Geometric knowledge formed the basis of all exact science, and the originality of Lobachevsky’s geometry was the dawn of the independent development of sciences in Russia. The scientific sowing will sprout for the harvest of the people...”. An equally high assessment of Lobachevsky’s geometry was voiced by prof. V.F. Kagan: “I take the liberty of asserting that it was easier to stop the sun, that it was easier to move the earth than to reduce the sum of angles in a triangle, to reduce the parallels to convergence and push the perpendiculars to the straight line to divergence”. This is one of the results of applying dialectical logic.

The name of Pavel Alexandrovich Florensky is widely known as a philosopher, an Orthodox priest who tragically died in 1937. It is little known that he is also an outstanding mathematician, physicist, electrical engineer, who founded a new scientific direction - materials science, who made a great contribution to the development of this direction. His works devoted to science contain many deep thoughts of philosophical content, relevant now. His, as he defined it - “concretely metaphysical” ideas, are of interest, both from the point of view of the philosophical approach and the applied content. In particular, he substantiated the geometric and physical meaning of imaginary numbers and put forward the idea of imaginary space; approach to physics and mathematics as a symbolic language; computing devices based on various physical laws. This article is devoted to these and his other ideas.

The paper analyzes the analogy between the principle of total absorption in the relational theory and the principle of equivalence in the general theory of relativity. Using the formulation of these principles in metaphysical terms allows us to conclude that the supercategory of relational particles manifests itself in dynamics as a self-consistent absolute absorber. Questions of interpretation of leading actions in the theory of direct interparticle interaction are considered. It is shown that the strict symmetry of the Fokker action with respect to retarded and advanced actions can be violated when the processes of particle creation and annihilation are taken into account.

The main model of the nonrelativistic statistical physics is the microstate at the moment of time. But in the relativistic case we cannot correctly define such microstate. We must consider a statistical physics of microstates in 4-dimensional volumes. The simple model of a finite set of point like elementary events is considered. The principle of least action means that the macroscopic process chooses the variant with maximum probability. Each elementary event has a low probability. Then the variant of process is most probable if it consists of the minimum of elementary events. An integral of a scalar curvature over a 4-dimensional volume is the number of elementary events. A mass of a particle is the number of elementary events in the unit of time. The electromagnetic terms in the action are the number of connections of elementary events.

The word “evolution” is often used as a term of free use or without proper justification even in the scientific literature (as a fashionable decoration), which leads to annoying misunderstandings. From a scientific standpoint, the concept of “evolution” in a generalized form means irreversible and (to a certain extent) directed development. Due to the universal connection of natural phenomena, the solution to the question of the driving forces of evolution, their mechanism, should be sought in the plane of the close relationship of the fundamental relations of unity in the series “Earth - Solar system - Cosmos”. All the objects of this grandiose system (“small” and “large”) are interconnected by an indirect unity of functionality. The total effect of all types of radiation, force fields and energies circulating between space objects (like the universal ocean of mutual influences) is a single field of energy-informational exchange, which is also identified with the action of “World Energy”.

The cardinal differences in the theoretical description of classical and quantum particles, the contradictions of the probabilistic (Copenhagen School) and deterministic (De Broglie - Bohm theory) interpretation of quantum mechanics, and the features of entangled quantum states are briefly discussed. It is assumed that the strange properties of the entangled pair can be explained by the localization of particles not in 3D physical space, but in the domain of a fractal space arising in the process of purely mathematical derivation of the Schrodinger and Pauli equations.

The problem of the mass spectrum of elementary particles is considered from the positions of reductionism and holism. It is shown that in the holistic description, the concept of substance (energy) is of paramount importance, and elementary particles are understood as emergent states that play a secondary role. A system of axioms is given that defines the basic definitions of the spectrum of matter. In this case, the spectrum of states (“elementary particles”) appears as a result of mass (energy) quantization. A mass formula is derived that depends on the quantum numbers defining the eigenvalues of the Casimir operators of the Lorentz group.