卷 1, 编号 1 (2023)

The editorial article describes the focus area of an interdisciplinary peer-reviewed journal Macrosociolinguistics and Minority Languages. The journal covers highly specialized research topics in the field of sociolinguistics, language law, psycholinguistics, issues of language contacts, minority languages and languages in minority situations. Today, one of the priority tasks is to encourage young specialists, PhD students, and undergraduates to share their research results on acute academic issues. We also consider that particular attention should be paid to the continuity of generations in the academic environment. Therefore, the authors of the first issue of the journal are Russian and foreign young researches, who took an active part in research activity of the Institute of Modern Languages, Intercultural Communication and Migration (RUDN University).

The article focuses on Wikipedia projects, which are considered from the perspective of their potential to revitalize and support the languages of peoples living on the territory of the Russian Federation. The article analyzes such wiki projects as Wikipedia, Wikimedia Incubator, Wikisource, Wiktionary, Wikibooks, Wikimedia Commons, and Wiki Voyage. The description of the projects is based on their structure as laid out by their developers, and the analysis of the projects focuses primarily on how the language material under consideration is represented in their structure. The study draws the following conclusions. Firstly, the features of wiki projects and the embodiment of these features by language activists correlate with the existing forms of language planning: status planning, corpus planning, and planned language acquisition. Second, wikis contribute to the development of various forms (written or printed and auditory: sound and video recordings) of the presence of the languages of the peoples of Russia in the digital environment, which is an essential attribute of their vitality in the world of globalization and digitalization. Thirdly, wikis can serve as a source of textual and multimedia materials that can constitute an empirical basis for the study of the languages of the peoples of Russia and the cultures correlated with them.

This article examines the language policy and language planning of the People's Republic of China since the beginning of the 21st century. At the center of the problem are the issues of the successive change of the three stages of language policy and planning: from the first stage of reforming the language and writing (1949-1986) to the second stage (1986-2000), associated with the introduction of norms, standardization and codification, and to the third stage (from 2000 to the present), marked by legislative activity to streamline the use of languages and measures to protect them. These stages were accompanied by a change in the vectors of conscious influence on the language situation: at the first two stages, language policy and planning measures were developed separately for Putonghua and ethnic languages, at the present stage, the policy of “subjectivity and diversity” prevails, which is aimed at the entire communicative space of China. In the PRC, as the national policy of “soft power” is strengthened, the importance of language is constantly emphasized, and the introduction of Putonghua (common language) while maintaining linguistic and cultural diversity has become one of the important tasks of China's domestic policy in the 21st century. The spread of Putonghua promotes interethnic communication within the country, strengthens national unity and is one of the ways to eliminate poverty, which is in line with the goals of the country's economic development and social progress. At the turn of XX-XXI, the state took several measures to increase the spread of Putonghua and at the same time to protect the viability of ethnic languages in the state. The achievements made in the field of language policy and language planning over the past 20 years provide valuable experience for the future development of language and writing.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the English used by aborigines in Australia and its comparison with the standard Australian English. The novelty of this paper lies in the fact that the author analyzed a wider sample of linguistic materials from a genre point of view in order to prove that common features can be traced in all texts, regardless of their genre. Thus, such various texts as articles from state websites, interviews with musicians, artists, elders, author's songs, excerpts from everyday conversations were used as research material. As a result of the work, we compiled our own microcorpus of texts in English used by the natives of Australia, analyzed and described the non-trivial lexical and grammatical features of this variety of English in comparison with standard Australian English. A review of morphological and syntactic features was also compiled, a striking pragmatic feature was described - the desire of speakers to express their intentions indirectly, and not directly, a short dictionary of specific vocabulary, including phrasal verbs, which were practically not covered in earlier works.